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What is Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression, is a complex mental health condition that causes extreme shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and concentration. These shifts can make it profoundly difficult to carry out day-to-day tasks, maintain stable relationships, and succeed in professional environments.
Unlike the normal ups and downs everyone goes through, the mood swings of bipolar disorder are severe. They can range from the intense highs of mania (feeling euphoric, unusually irritable, or invincible) to the crushing lows of depression (feeling hopeless, lethargic, or suicidal). These mood episodes can last for days, weeks, or even months.
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition, but it is highly treatable. Because of the neurochemical nature of the disorder, successful management almost always requires a specialized combination of psychiatric medication and targeted psychotherapy. At Sunrise Human Care Services, we provide the clinical expertise necessary to help you achieve and maintain mood stability.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
The DSM-5 categorizes bipolar disorder into three main types, defined by the severity and duration of the manic and depressive episodes.
Bipolar I
Defined by severe manic episodes lasting at least 7 days, often accompanied by depressive episodes.
Bipolar II
Characterized by depressive episodes and less severe manic periods known as hypomania.
Cyclothymia
A milder, chronic form involving numerous periods of hypomania and mild depression over 2+ years.
Bipolar I Disorder Symptoms and Causes
Bipolar I Disorder is diagnosed when an individual experiences at least one full manic episode. This manic episode must last for at least one week, or be so severe that the person requires hospitalization. Most people with Bipolar I will also experience episodes of major depression, though this is not strictly required for a diagnosis.
Causes: The exact cause is a complex mix of genetics, neurochemistry (imbalances in neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin), and altered brain structure. High-stress environments or traumatic events can trigger the first episode.
Symptoms of Mania:
- Abnormally upbeat, jumpy, or wired feeling (euphoria)
- Increased activity, energy, or agitation
- Exaggerated sense of well-being and self-confidence (grandiosity)
- Decreased need for sleep (feeling rested after only a few hours)
- Unusual talkativeness or racing thoughts
- Poor decision-making (e.g., reckless spending, risky sexual encounters)
Bipolar II Disorder Symptoms
Bipolar II Disorder is not a "milder" form of Bipolar I, but a separate diagnosis. While the manic episodes (hypomania) are less extreme and do not cause the severe impairment seen in Bipolar I, the depressive episodes in Bipolar II are often very deep, prolonged, and debilitating.
Symptoms of Hypomania:
- Similar symptoms to full mania (increased energy, talkativeness) but less severe
- Does not cause significant impairment in social or occupational functioning
- Often feels like a period of high productivity and creativity
- Can dangerously escalate into severe depression if left untreated
Cyclothymic Disorder
Cyclothymia (Cyclothymic Disorder) is a chronic mood disorder characterized by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms that last for at least two years (one year in children and adolescents). However, the symptoms do not meet the full diagnostic requirements for a hypomanic episode or a major depressive episode.
Accessible Bipolar Treatment in Darby, PA
At Sunrise Human Care Services, we proudly serve the Darby community and surrounding areas in Delaware County. Conveniently located at 869 Main Street, we make high-quality psychiatric evaluations, mood stabilization, and therapy accessible.
100% Medicaid Acceptance
We exclusively accept Medicaid to ensure critical psychiatric care reaches those who need it most.
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Holli O'Donnell, Licensed Mental Health Professional
Holli O'Donnell is a dedicated mental health professional at Sunrise Human Care Services, specializing in the diagnosis and evidence-based treatment of mood disorders and complex psychiatric conditions.
Last Updated: April 14, 2026
Frequently Asked Questions
Bipolar I Disorder involves severe manic episodes that last at least 7 days or require hospitalization, often accompanied by depressive episodes. Bipolar II Disorder involves less severe manic periods (called hypomania) alternating with deep depressive episodes. Both require professional treatment but may need different medication strategies.
For the vast majority of individuals, yes. Bipolar disorder is deeply rooted in brain chemistry. Mood stabilizers or antipsychotic medications are typically the cornerstone of treatment to prevent extreme highs and lows. Therapy is then used alongside medication to manage triggers, rebuild relationships, and develop coping skills.
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong, chronic condition and cannot be permanently 'cured'. However, it is highly treatable. With a consistent, customized treatment plan involving medication management and psychotherapy, most people with bipolar disorder can achieve long-term mood stability and lead incredibly successful, fulfilling lives.
Family support is crucial. Family members should learn to recognize the early warning signs of both manic and depressive episodes. It's important to encourage treatment adherence, help maintain a calm environment with regular sleep schedules, and participate in family therapy to improve communication and boundaries.
Yes, bipolar disorder has one of the strongest genetic links of all psychiatric conditions. If you have a first-degree relative (parent or sibling) with bipolar disorder, your risk of developing the condition is significantly higher, though environmental factors and severe stress also play a role in triggering the onset.
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You shouldn't have to wait months for professional support. Our Darby clinical team is ready to respond to your request by the next business day. 100% confidential. Medicaid accepted.
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